Why is the cut edge rough and striated instead of smooth?

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Short answer

Striations are the fingerprint of an unstable melt front. Coarse, dragging lines mean the melt cannot keep up — usually speed, focus or gas dynamics. Fine even lines are normal and cannot be removed entirely; what you control is their depth and how far down the edge they start.

Reading the edge

Symptom Likely cause First action
Lines curve backwards strongly at the bottom third; sometimes incomplete cut in corners. Feed too high for the thickness Reduce speed 10% and re-check; the melt front must reach the bottom of the kerf.
Smooth top band, rough lower half, wide top kerf. Focus too high Move focus down into the sheet; for nitrogen on thick stainless this can be several millimetres below the surface.
Rough edge with adhering melt, especially on the lower edge. Gas pressure too low Raise pressure to the range for the thickness and verify the nozzle is not enlarged.
One face of the part is noticeably rougher than the other. Beam not centred in the nozzle Re-centre the beam; on many heads this drifts after a collision or lens replacement.
Roughness appears in patches that match the flat and buckled areas. Unstable standoff over a warped sheet Improve clamping, cut smaller nests, or add tabs to reduce part movement and heat build-up.
Severe striation curl (Bottom waviness)
Severe striation curl (Bottom waviness)

Related questions

What edge roughness is achievable on 10 mm stainless?
With nitrogen, correct focus and fresh consumables, a shop can expect a clean, uniformly striated edge that needs no rework for most fabrication. Mirror-smooth over the whole thickness is not a realistic target on 10 mm with a standard head.
Do striations mean the part will fail inspection?
Only against a specified roughness. If the drawing calls out Ra or a surface class, measure it — visual roughness alone is not a rejection criterion in most fabrication work.
Can nesting order affect edge quality?
Yes. Heat accumulation in a dense nest raises the local sheet temperature, which changes the melt behaviour on later parts. Spread the cutting sequence over the sheet if late parts look worse than early ones.

Next questions operators ask

Ranges are given for a typical 3–6 kW fiber machine with a clean beam path. Always verify against your machine manufacturer’s table before production.

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